These are mainly two types of farming, subsistence farming and commercial farming, which have been practised for a very long time. When crops are grown on a small piece of land for the own family use, it is known as Subsistence farming in India. Most farmers depend on small-scale agriculture. On the other hand, commercial farming is aimed at selling crops for economic benefits. Let’s explore the subsistence farming method and other related topics in the following sections.

How to do subsistence farming

In subsistence farming, no advanced cultivation tools are used. It consists of small and traditional farming equipment, such as daos, digging sticks, grape hoes, and spades. Most of the family members contribute to farming.

Types of subsistence farming

Primitive farming and intensive farming are two types of subsistence farming.

Primitive subsistence farming involves cultivating a small piece of land, where family members or community labourers grow crops using simple tools, such as digging sticks. Potatoes, cassava, and maize are commonly grown in primitive farming.

The primary crop cultivated in intensive subsistence farming is rice, with other examples including oilseeds, pulses, maize, and wheat, as well as some farming tools.

Advantages of subsistence farming
Small farmers mainly rely on organic methods to maintain soil fertility. This type of farming does not require expensive machinery or a lot of labour. Farmers can secure food quality and safety for their families.

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